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Deferred Gratification, Social Class, and the Achievement Syndrome
M.A.Straus
American Sociological Review.
1962.
Vol. 27.
No. 3.
P. 326-335.
The theoretical and research literature on self-imposed postponement of gratifications
or satisfactions is reviewed with emphasis on the relation of such a "Deferred Gratification
Pattern" (DGP) to social class and social mobility. Three hypotheses growing out
of this review were tested on 338 male high school students. The hypothesis of a
deferred gratification pattern received some support from the fact that scales with
reproducibilities from .92 to .96 were developed for deferment of five adolescent
needs (affiliation, aggression, consumption, economic independence, and sex); and
by the intercorrelation of these scales. The hypothesis of positive correlation between
socioeconomic status and DGP was not supported. The hypothesis of positive correlation
between the DGP scales and achievement role-performance and role-orientation was
supported. These relationships were not eliminated by controls for socioeconomic
status and intelligence. Findings are interpreted as supporting the theory that need
deferment is functional for social mobility in American society.
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